Perception of corruption across gender, religion, and socioeconomic status

Authors

  • Asoke Kumar Saha Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Bangladesh
  • Atanu Kumar Dogra Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, India
  • Arunavo Bairagi Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
  • Vijay Pratap Singh Department of Psychology, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, India
  • Md. Alamgir Hossain Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Bangladesh
  • Sayma Akter Pata Residential Behaviour Specialist (RBS), Anderson Centre for Autism, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas.v20i2.120

Keywords:

corruption, gender, perception;, religion, socioeconomic status

Abstract

Corruption is a critical issue for Bangladesh, including corruption in higher education. The present study explored the perception of corruption based on gender, religion, and socioeconomic status with factorial survey research design. One hundred twenty participants were selected by purposive sampling technique from male and female university students aged 20-26 years. All the participants were studying in public and private universities. Personal Information Form (PIF) and Perception of Corruption Scale (PCS) were used for this study. The PCS measured the respondents’ level of perception about corruption consisting of 18 items. One-way analysis of variance and t-test were applied to analyze the data. The result indicates no significant difference in perception of corruption based on gender. In contrast, there is a significant difference in the perception of corruption based on religion, with the Hindus having the lowest perception of corruption. Moreover, there is a significant difference in perception of corruption based on socioeconomic status. Therefore, university students’ perceptions of different corrupt practices need to be addressed.

  

References

Alatas, V., Cameron, L., Chaudhuri, A., Erkal, N., & Gangadharan, L. (2009). Gender, culture, and corruption: Insights from an experimental analysis. Southern Economic Journal, 75(3), 663–680. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.2009.tb00925.x

Anderson, J. H., & Gray, C. W. (2006). Anticorruption in transition 3. Who is succeeding…and why? The World Bank.

Baltaci, M., & Yilmaz, S. (2006). Keeping an eye on subnational governments: Internal control and audit at local levels. The World Bank.

Bauhr, M., & Charron, N. (2020). Do men and women perceive corruption differently? Gender differences in perception of need and greed corruption. Politics and Governance, 8(2), 92–102. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v8i2.2701

Borošak, M., & Šumah, Š. (2019). The influence of demographic indicators on corruption perception in Slovenia. Academicus International Scientific Journal, 10(20), 81–92.

Canache, D., Cawvey, M., Hayes, M., & Mondak, J. J. (2019). Who sees corruption? The bases of mass perceptions of political corruption in Latin America. Journal of Politics in Latin America, 11(2), 133–160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1866802X19876462

Cantens, T., Rabballand, G., & Bilangna, S. (2010). Reforming customs by measuring performance: A Cameroon case study. World Customs Journal, 4(2), 55–74.

Ciziceno, M., & Travaglino, G. A. (2019). Perceived corruption and individuals’ life satisfaction: The mediating role of institutional trust. Social Indicators Research, 141(2), 685–701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-1850-2

Fjeldstad, O. (2003). Fighting fiscal corruption: Lessons from the Tanzania revenue authority. Public Administration and Development, 23(2), 165–175. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.278

Goetz, A. M. (2007). Political cleaners: Women as the new anti-corruption force? Development and Change, 38(1), 87–105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00404.x

Ko, K., & Moon, S. (2014). The relationship between religion and corruption: Are the proposed causal links empirically valid? International Review of Public Administration, 19(1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/12294659.2014.887353

Llullaku, N., & Bërxulli, D. (2017). Student perceptions of workplace corruption and its effect on their academic motivation. The European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 20(3), 242–260. https://doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.220

Ma, J., Guo, B., & Yu, Y. (2022). Perception of official corruption, satisfaction with government performance, and subjective wellbeing—An empirical study from China. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.748704

Maeda, K., & Ziegfeld, A. (2015). Socioeconomic status and corruption perceptions around the world. Research & Politics, 2(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053168015580838

Martín, J., & Bonavia, T. (2020). Psychological variables related to corruption: A systematic review. Anales de Psicología, 36(2), 330–339. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.389371

North, C. M., Orman, W. H., & Gwin, C. R. (2013). Religion, corruption, and the rule of law. SSRN Electronic Journal, 45(5), 757–779. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2205971

Shadabi, L. (2013). The impact of religion on corruption. Journal of Business Inquiry, 12(1), 102–117.

Swamy, A., Knack, S., Lee, Y., & Azfar, O. (2001). Gender and corruption. Journal of Development Economics, 64(1), 25–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3878(00)00123-1

Tay, L., Herian, M. N., & Diener, E. (2014). Detrimental effects of corruption and subjective well-being. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5(7), 751–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550614528544

Treisman, D. (2000). The causes of corruption: A cross-national study. Journal of Public Economics, 76(3), 399–457. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00092-4

Ursachi, G., Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). How reliable are measurement scales? External factor with indirect influence on reliability estimators. Procedia Economic and Finance 20, 679-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00123-9

Xu, X., Li, Y., Liu, X., & Gan, W. (2017). Does religion matter to corruption? Evidence from China. China Economic Review, 42, 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2016.11.005

Zakaria, P. (2016). The influence of socioeconomic trends and experiences on individual perception of corruption: The case of Croatia. Public Integrity, 18(4), 419–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/10999922.2016.1172929

Zelekha, Y., & Avnimelech, G. (2023). Cultural and personal channels between religion, religiosity, and corruption. Heliyon, 9(6), e16882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16882

Zhang, Y. (2022). The relationship between corruption perception and depression: A multiple mediation model. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15, 1943–1954. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S370045

Downloads

Published

2023-08-28

How to Cite

Saha, A. K., Dogra, A. K., Bairagi, A. ., Singh, V. P. ., Hossain, M. A. ., & Pata, S. A. . (2023). Perception of corruption across gender, religion, and socioeconomic status. Humanitas: Indonesian Psychological Journal, 20(2), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas.v20i2.120

Issue

Section

Articles